lockheed martin f‑35 lightning ii

Software was repeatedly delayed due to its unprecedented scope and complexity. Pris er åpenbart et politisk spørsmål. [212] Due to numerous problems, such as unreliable diagnoses, excessive connectivity requirements, and security vulnerabilities, program officials plan to replace ALIS with the cloud-based Operational Data Integrated Network (ODIN) by 2022. The pilot, Major Akinori Hosomi, had radioed his intention to abort the drill before disappearing. Lauderdale succeeds Greg Ulmer, who was promoted to Lockheed Martin Aeronautics executive vice president on … One of the Royal Navy's requirements for the F-35B was a Shipborne Rolling and Vertical Landing (SRVL) mode to increase maximum landing weight by using wing lift during landing. [218] The F-35 Integrated Test Force (ITF) consisted of 18 aircraft at Edwards Air Force Base and Naval Air Station Patuxent River. [216] Unlike all subsequent aircraft, AA-1 did not have the weight optimization from SWAT; consequently, it mainly tested subsystems common to subsequent aircraft, such as the propulsion, electrical system, and cockpit displays. When it comes to 2021 hires, Lockheed said it has an ongoing hiring process to … Customer focus, innovation and purpose are built into everything we do. It also provides sensor fusion of radio frequency and infrared tracking functions, geolocation threat targeting, and multispectral image countermeasures for self-defense against missiles. [169][170] In lieu of the gun, the pod can also be used for different equipment and purposes, such as electronic warfare, aerial reconnaissance, or rear-facing tactical radar. [273] By June 2013, the RAF had received three F-35s of the 48 on order, all initially based at Eglin Air Force Base. Helicopter-portable metal planking is needed to protect unprepared roads from the F-35B's engine exhaust; the USMC are studying lighter heat-resistant alternatives. [65] In 2018, the Air Force Life Cycle Management Center (AFLCMC) awarded contracts to General Electric and Pratt & Whitney to develop more powerful and efficient adaptive cycle engines for potential application in the F-35, leveraging the research done under the Adaptive Engine Transition Program (AETP). [278] No. F-35 Lightning II eller Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) er et flyprojekt, som involverer flere nationer, og som stadig er under udvikling.Danmark er med i projektet og har bidraget med både kapital og teknologi (se nedenfor). [259] For comparison, in 2015 the CPFH of the A-10 was $17,716; the F-15C, $41,921; and the F-16C, $22,514. Similar in size to the A variant, the B sacrifices about a third of the A variant's fuel volume to accommodate the SDLF. [158], To preserve its stealth shaping, the F-35 has two internal weapons bays with four weapons stations. The pilot ejected and was in stable condition. The final release for SDD, Block 3F, would have full flight envelope and all baseline combat capabilities. [21][22][23] By contrast, Boeing's X-32 employed direct lift system that the augmented turbofan would be reconfigured to when engaging in STOVL operation. [1][2][3] The F-35 was first used in combat in 2018 by the Israeli Air Force. FY2013 DOD PROGRAMS F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF), intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II development, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement, AGM-158 Joint Air to Surface Stand-off Missile, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, No. [55] By 2017, delays and cost overruns had pushed the F-35 program's expected acquisition costs to $406.5 billion, with total lifetime cost (i.e., to 2070) to $1.5 trillion in then-year dollars which also includes operations and maintenance. This enabled greater commonality between all three variants, as the commonality goal was still important at this stage of the design. The F-35C (left) has a larger wing than the two F-35Bs shown, Procurement and international participation. [81] Following the 2015 Federal Election, the Canadian government under the Liberal Party decided not to proceed with a sole-sourced purchase and launched a competition to choose an aircraft. [376][377] The US and Japanese navies searched for the missing aircraft and pilot, finding debris on the water that confirmed its crash; Hosomi's remains were recovered in June. The F-35C variant is designed for catapult-assisted take-off but arrested recovery operations from aircraft carriers. [38] In what is known as "concurrency", some low rate initial production (LRIP) aircraft lots would be delivered in early Block configurations and eventually upgraded to Block 3F once development is complete. [385], Data from Lockheed Martin: F-35 specifications,[386][387][388][389] Lockheed Martin: F-35 weaponry,[390] Lockheed Martin: F-35 Program Status,[101] F-35 Program brief,[150] FY2019 Select Acquisition Report (SAR),[391] Director of Operational Test & Evaluation[392], Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era, "F-35" redirects here. Air-to-surface weapons for the outboard station include the Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), Paveway series of bombs, Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW), and cluster munitions (Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser). [222][223] By June 2009, many of the initial flight test targets had been accomplished but the program was behind schedule. The United Kingdom joined JAST/JSF as a founding member in 1995 and thus became the only Tier 1 partner of the JSF program;[18] Italy, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Canada, Australia, and Turkey joined the program during the Concept Demonstration Phase (CDP), with Italy and the Netherlands being Tier 2 partners and the rest Tier 3. Det er per høsten 2009 blitt skissert bestillinger på 3 206 maskiner; USA vil ha ca. [224] Software and mission systems were among the biggest sources of delays for the program, with sensor fusion proving especially challenging. [140] Subsequent surveys and studies have indicated that the noise of the F-35 was not perceptibly different from the F-16 and F/A-18E/F, though the greater low-frequency noise was noticeable for some observers. The F-35B pilot was injured in the ejection, and the KC-130 crash-landed gear up in a field. The key aspect of the X-35 that enabled STOVL operation, the SDLF system consists of the lift fan in the forward center fuselage that could be activated by engaging a clutch that connects the driveshaft to the turbines and thus augmenting the thrust from the engine's swivel nozzle. This first prototype lacked the weight optimization from SWAT. [2][3] USAF F-35As conducted their first Red Flag exercise in 2017; system maturity had improved and the aircraft scored a kill ratio of 15:1 against an F-16 aggressor squadron in a high-threat environment. Utbygging av Evenes, som fremskutt base, kommer på toppen av dette. [30][31], Adding the systems of a fighter aircraft added weight. [12] The aircraft is projected to operate until 2070. [N 13][183] Lockheed Martin is studying integrating a fiber laser that uses spectral beam combining multiple individual laser modules into a single high-power beam, which can be scaled to various levels. [276] On 5 July 2017, it was announced the second UK-based RAF squadron would be No. 16.00 (norsk tid) mens det fremdeles var dagslys. [243], The F-35A and F-35B were cleared for basic flight training in early 2012. [116] The AAQ-40 EOTS is mounted internally behind a faceted low-observable window under the nose and performs laser targeting, forward-looking infrared (FLIR), and long range IRST functions. [287] By 2021, the Royal Australian Air Force had accepted 26 F-35A aircraft, with nine in the US and 17 operating at No 3 Squadron and No 2 Operational Conversion Unit at RAAF Base Williamtown. Wing drop is an uncommanded roll that can occur during high-g transsonic maneuvering. The F-35B gained the most, largely due to a 2003 decision to enlarge the weapons bays for commonality between variants; the total weight growth was reportedly up to 2,200 pounds (1,000 kg), over 8%, causing all STOVL key performance parameter (KPP) thresholds to be missed. [46][47] The decision to simultaneously test, fix defects, and begin production was criticized as inefficient; in 2014, Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition Frank Kendall called it "acquisition malpractice". FACO is also performed in Italy and Japan for some non-U.S. customers as part of the industrial benefits from international cooperation. Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II on yhdysvaltalainen, yksipaikkainen, yksimoottorinen, joka sään monitoimihäivehävittäjä, joka on tarkoitettu sekä ilmaherruus- että pommitustehtäviin. [16] JAST was subsequently renamed to Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) in 1995, with STOVL submissions by McDonnell Douglas, Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin,[N 2] and Boeing. De tre flyene var nummer 5148, 5149 og 5150. The US initially refused to allow such changes before permitting Israel to integrate its own electronic warfare systems, including sensors and countermeasures. By 2014, the program was "US$163 billion over budget [and] seven years behind schedule". 207 Squadron,[277] which reformed on 1 August 2019 as the Lightning Operational Conversion Unit. It is also able to provide electronic warfare and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities. The thrust vectoring nozzle would eventually be replaced by an axisymmetric low-observable nozzle in order to reduce weight. [52][53] As early as 2005, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) had identified major program risks in cost and schedule. Flyet finnes i tre varianter; én variant for vanlig takeoff og landing, én STOVL-variant, og én variant tilpasset bruk fra hangarskip. Lockheed Martin is the prime F-35 contractor, with principal partners Northrop Grumman and BAE Systems. [178] Nuclear weapons delivery via internal carriage of the B61 nuclear bomb is planned for Block 4B in 2024. 2 443 av disse. [175][176] The USAF and USN are planning to integrate the AGM-88G AARGM-ER internally in the F-35A and F-35C. Singapore, Hellas, Spania og Finland er også potensielle kunder. Det norske Kampflyprogrammet på sin side viser til at prisen på rundt 80 millioner er stykkprisen en forventer når flyet er i full produksjon rundt 2019. [184], The USAF plans for the F-35A to take up the close air support (CAS) mission in contested environments; amid criticism that it is not as well suited as a dedicated attack platform, USAF chief of staff Mark Welsh placed a focus on weapons for CAS sorties, including guided rockets, fragmentation rockets that shatter into individual projectiles before impact, and more compact ammunition for higher capacity gun pods. [44][45] In 2011, the program was "re-baselined"; that is, its cost and schedule goals were changed, pushing the IOC from the planned 2010 to July 2015. [40] Like the F-22, the F-35 has been targeted by cyberattacks and technology theft efforts, as well as potential vulnerabilities in the integrity of the supply chain. Additional carrier suitability testing was conducted at Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division at Lakehurst, New Jersey. Flyet er én-seters, én-motors og har stealth-egenskaper. [41][42][43], Testing found several major problems: early F-35B airframes had premature cracking,[N 8] the F-35C arrestor hook design was unreliable, fuel tanks were too vulnerable to lightning strikes, the helmet display had problems, and more. Additionally, the F-35's diverterless supersonic inlet (DSI) uses a compression bump and forward-swept cowl rather than a splitter gap or bleed system to divert the boundary layer away from the inlet duct, eliminating the diverter cavity and further reducing radar signature. [177] Norway and Australia are funding an adaptation of the Naval Strike Missile (NSM) for the F-35; designated Joint Strike Missile (JSM), two missiles can be carried internally with an additional four externally. [287], The Israeli Air Force declared the F-35 operationally capable on 6 December 2017. [26], On 26 October 2001, Lockheed Martin was declared the winner and was awarded the System Development and Demonstration (SDD) contract; Pratt & Whitney was separately awarded a development contract for the F135 engine for the JSF. The F-35C has additional ailerons at the folding sections of the wings. [150][151] Each helmet costs $400,000. [13], The F-35 was the product of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program, which was the merger of various combat aircraft programs from the 1980s and 1990s. Turkey was the sole supplier of several F-35 parts, thus forcing the program to find replacement vendors. Alongside software releases, each block also incorporates avionics hardware updates and air vehicle improvements from flight and structural testing. [314][315], The Canadian CF-35 is a proposed variant that would differ from the F-35A through the addition of a drogue parachute and may include an F-35B/C-style refueling probe. [N 14][228][229] Early flight control laws had problems with "wing drop"[N 15] and also made the airplane sluggish, with high angles-of-attack tests in 2015 against an F-16 showing a lack of energy. The F-35B and C also had problems with the horizontal tails suffering heat damage from prolonged afterburner use. Man håper imidlertid å selge til flere land etter hvert, slik det skjedde med F-16-programmet. Disse flyene landet på Ørland hovedflystasjon 3. november 2017 rett før kl. Dette medførte at flere forskjellige flytyper skal byttes ut, og store kvanta av JSF produseres. [293] In July 2019, Israel reportedly expanded its strikes against Iranian missile shipments; IAF F-35Is allegedly struck Iranian targets in Iraq twice. [33] Many changes from the SWAT effort were applied to all three variants for commonality. The two outboard weapon stations each can carry ordnance up to 2,500 lb (1,100 kg), or 1,500 lb (680 kg) for F-35B, while the two inboard stations carry air-to-air missiles. [114] Complementing the radar is the AAQ-37 DAS, which consists of six infrared sensors that provide all-aspect missile launch warning and target tracking; the DAS acts as a situational awareness infrared search-and-track (SAIRST) and gives the pilot spherical infrared and night-vision imagery on the helmet visor. The F-35 was designed with three initial variants - the F-35A, a CTOL land-based version; the F-35B, a STOVL version capable of use either on land or on aircraft carriers; and the F-35C, a CATOBAR carrier-based version. In 2014, Michael Gilmore, Director of Operational Test & Evaluation, stated that "software development, integration in the contractor labs, and delivery of mature capability to flight test continued to be behind schedule.". Marines Corps declares the F-35B operational», «JSF Likely Far More Expensive Than Aircraft They're Replacing», "Canada Expects Much Higher JSF Unit Costs. Lockheed Martin. [123] The USAF has studied the potential for the F-35 to orchestrate attacks by unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) via its sensors and communications equipment. [377] The F-35 reportedly did not send a distress signal nor did the pilot attempt any recovery maneuvers as the aircraft descended at a rapid rate. [239], The F-35's reliability and availability have fallen short of requirements, especially in the early years of testing. However, limitations remained in night operations, communications, software and weapons carriage capabilities. Your Mission Is Ours™. Danmarks deltagelse i F-35-programmet forpliktet ikke Danmark til å kjøpe flyene. Its development is principally funded by the United States, with additional funding from program partner countries from NATO and close U.S. allies, including the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Italy, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, and formerly Turkey. [219] For testing avionics and mission systems, a modified Boeing 737-300 with a duplication of the cockpit, the Lockheed Martin CATBird has been used. Lockheed Martin announced April 5 that Bridget Lauderdale, currently vice president and general manager for Lockheed Martin Aeronautics’ Integrated Fighter Group, including the F-16 and F-22, has been named vice president and general manager of the F-35 Lightning II Program. [127][128][129] For maintainability, the F-35's stealth design took lessons learned from prior stealth aircraft such as the F-22; the F-35's radar-absorbent fibermat skin is more durable and requires less maintenance than older topcoats. Den desidert største delen av dette vil bli betalt av USA, som både skal ha og produsere flest fly. 617 Squadron and its F-35s were declared combat ready on 10 January 2019. [124], Stealth is a key aspect of the F-35's design, and radar cross-section (RCS) is minimized through careful shaping of the airframe and the use of radar-absorbent materials (RAM); visible measures to reduce RCS include alignment of edges, serration of skin panels, and the masking of the engine face and turbine. [197][198], An alternative engine, the General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136, was being developed in the 2000s; originally, F-35 engines from Lot 6 onward were competitively tendered. [16], As JAST progressed, the need for concept demonstrator aircraft by 1996 emerged, which would coincide with the full-scale flight demonstrator phase of ASTOVL/CALF. Flyet ble første gang benyttet i strid i mai 2018 av Israels flyvåpen.[5]. [313], A study for a possible upgrade of the F-35A to be fielded by the 2035 target date of the USAF's Future Operating Concept. [225] A third non-flying F-35B is currently planned to test the redesigned structure. The F-35 is to be Britain's primary strike aircraft for the next three decades. [17], International participation is a key aspect of the JSF program, starting with United Kingdom participation in the ASTOVL program. Designed by Lockheed Martin and developed by Rolls-Royce, the SDLF, also known as the Rolls-Royce LiftSystem, consists of the lift fan, drive shaft, two roll posts, and a "three-bearing swivel module" (3BSM). The station can also carry multiple smaller munitions such as the GBU-39 Small Diameter Bombs (SDB), GBU-53/B SDB II, and SPEAR 3 anti-tank missiles; up to four SDBs can be carried per station for the F-35A and F-35C, and three for the F-35B. Endringene siden 2009 må også sees i lys av at programmet den gang oppgav kostnadene i såkalt "nåverdi", mens senere estimater er oppgitt i reelle kroner. 617 Squadron to fly F-35B fighter", "Dambusters to be first Lightning II squadron", "Immortal air squadron to fly Royal Navy's newest jets", "Third Joint Strike Fighter for the UK arrives", "Navy's new F-35 jump jet flies from trademark ski ramp for first time", "Military Aircraft: Written question – 60456", "Identity of F-35 Lightning Training Squadron Announced", "Second Lightning Fight Jet Squadron Arrives In UK", "RAF's legendary Dambusters squadron reforms to fly F-35 jets", "Britain's most advanced jets touch down on home soil", "New RAF jet 'combat ready' in face of resurgent Russia threat", "UK's most advanced jets deploy overseas for the first time", "F-35 fighter jets join fight against IS", "First UK fighter jets land onboard HMS Queen Elizabeth", "F-35 Lightnings depart for Exercise RED FLAG in USA", "RAAF F-35s achieve 1,000 flying hour milestone", "Joint Strike Fighters: Australian military stealth unveiled at Avalon Airshow", "Israel Declares F-35I Adir Combat Capable", "The F-35 has already freaked out Iran and changed everything in the Middle East", "Report: Israeli stealth fighters fly over Iran", "Israel says it is the first country to use U.S.-made F-35 in combat", "A Message of Superiority: This Is the Israeli Army's Photo of an F-35 Over Beirut", "Israel said to hit Iranian sites in Iraq, expanding strikes on missile shipments", "Israel Is Getting A Single F-35 Test Jet Unlike Any Other", "Israel receives F-35I testbed to develop national capabilities", "Ministers sign off on pricey purchase of F-35s, refuelers and bombs", "In Focus: Tokyo casts wary eye on Chinese airpower developments", "Lockheed's comprehensive Q&A on the F-35", "The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter in Support of the 21st Century Marine Corps", "Constructability of a High Temperature Concrete Pad", "Israel's first F-35 Lightning II takes flight", "Israel, U.S. Strike F-35 Technology Deal", "Israel, U.S. Agree To $450 Million In F-35 EW Work", "Israel to boost range of future F-35 fleet", "20 technologies that will keep the US Air Force flying high", "Harper, Ignatieff spar over fighter jets", "Military will contract out air-to-air refuelling if Canada goes with F-35", "An Estimate of the Fiscal Impact of Canada's Proposed Acquisition of the F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter", "IOC anticipated for Australia's F-35As in December 2020", "Australia to confirm 58-aircraft F-35 order", "Belgium picks Lockheed's F-35 over Eurofighter on price", "Luchtmachtbasissen moeten verbouwd worden voor F-35: 275 miljoen euro", "Agreement on Procurement for New Fighters", "Why UAE F-35 deal makes sense to Washington - and Israel", "Unique F-35I Test Aircraft Arrives in Israel", "Two more F-35 fighter jets land in Israel, bringing IAF's declared total to 16", "Air Force Bolsters Stealth Power as More F-35I Fighter Jets Land in Israel", "Israel Now Has Two Combat Ready F-35 Squadrons", "Italy defense minister commits to F-35 after calls to suspend program", "Italy's Navy-Air Force tussle over the F-35 comes to a head", "F-35 Lightning II: Creating Jobs. [24][34] The weight reduction work cost $6.2 billion and caused an 18-month delay. The large stabilitors, leading edge extensions and flaps, and canted rudders provide excellent high alpha (angle-of-attack) characteristics, with a trimmed alpha of 50°. Tyrkia ble utestengt fra F-35-programmet i 2019.[12]. Norge skal på sin side kun anskaffe fly i en 8-års periode, og betaler da prisen for flyene disse årene, og dekker bare en mindre del av utviklingskostnadene. Den konvensjonelle F-35A-varianten er valgt til å erstatte Norges F-16-fly[22]. Following the designation of the X-35 prototypes, the three variants were designated F-35A (CTOL), F-35B (STOVL), and F-35C (CV). Under one of ASTOVL's classified programs, the Supersonic STOVL Fighter (SSF), Lockheed Skunk Works conducted research for a stealthy supersonic STOVL fighter intended for both U.S. Air Force (USAF) and USMC; a key technology explored was the shaft-driven lift fan (SDLF) system. [5][6][7] Several other countries have ordered, or are considering ordering, the aircraft. [138], Noise from the F-35 caused concerns in residential areas near potential bases for the aircraft, and residents near two such bases—Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, and Eglin Air Force Base (AFB), Florida—requested environmental impact studies in 2008 and 2009 respectively. 617 Squadron deployed to RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, the type's first overseas deployment. [264] On 27 April 2019, USAF F-35As were first used in combat in an airstrike on an Islamic State tunnel network in northern Iraq. 17 (Reserve) Test and Evaluation Squadron (TES) stood-up on 12 April 2013 as the Operational Evaluation Unit for the Lightning, becoming the first British squadron to operate the type. [148], The Vision Systems International[N 12] helmet display is a key piece of the F-35's human-machine interface. ", U.S. kills GE/Rolls Royce engine for F-35 fighter, Lockheed Martin F-35 Flight Test Progress Report, Projecting Power With the F-35 | RealClearDefense, MOD announces change of Joint Strike Fighter jet, Canada Preparing to Replace its CF-18 Hornets, «Poland inks $4.6 billion contract for F-35 fighter jets», F-35 officially wins Belgian fighter contest, «USA bekrefter at de har utestengt NATO-allierte Tyrkia fra F-35-programmet etter at landet kjøpte rakettsystemet S-400 fra Russland.», https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/forste-norske-f-35-er-landet-pa-luke-air-force-base/id2460906/, https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/norge-mottar-vart-syvende-f-35-kampfly/id2563808/, Joint Strike Fighter: Restructuring Places Program on Firmer Footing, but Progress Still Lags, https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/tema/forsvar/forsvarsindustri/kampfly/hva-koster-egentlig-nye-kampfly/id710435/, https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/tema/forsvar/forsvarsindustri/kampfly/de-5-storste-f35-mytene/id745027/#Myte, Hjemmeside for Kampflyprogrammet, som leder den norske anskaffelsen av F-35, Regjeringen går inn for amerikanske jagerfly, https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II&oldid=21258916, Artikler med offisielle lenker fra Wikidata, Artikler med autoritetsdatalenker fra Wikidata, Creative Commons-lisensen Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår, Opprinnelig var det planlagt å anskaffe F-35B til. De første flyene ble levert til U.S. Air Force 14. juli 2011. The final Development Test III on USS America involving operations in high sea states was completed in late 2016. [235] A Royal Navy F-35 conducted the first "rolling" landing on board HMS Queen Elizabeth in October 2018. [228][241] As of 2020, the number of the program's most serious issues have been decreased by half. 1980. [187] The engine contributes to the F-35's stealth by having a low-observable augmenter, or afterburner, that incorporates fuel injectors into thick curved vanes; these vanes are covered by ceramic radar-absorbent materials and mask the turbine. Maksimalhastigheten til flyet med full intern våpenlast er mach 1,6 og den ble oppnådd for første gang 25. oktober 2011. The relatively short 35-foot wingspan of the F-35A and F-35B is set by the requirement to fit inside USN amphibious assault ship parking areas and elevators; the F-35C's larger wing is more fuel efficient. Technology Refresh 3, which includes a new core processor and a new cockpit display, is planned for Lot 15 aircraft. [82], In January 2019, Singapore announced its plan to buy a small number of F-35s for an evaluation of capabilities and suitability before deciding on more to replace its F-16 fleet. [150][167][168] The F-35A is armed with a 25 mm GAU-22/A rotary cannon mounted internally near the left wing root with 182 rounds carried; the gun is more effective against ground targets than the 20 mm cannon carried by other USAF fighters. Lockheed's concept was a single-engine canard delta aircraft weighing about 24,000 lb (11,000 kg) empty. The main computer has a plug-and-play function for add-on systems; proposals include an external jamming pod, and new Israeli air-to-air missiles and guided bombs in the internal weapon bays. [93][125][126] The RCS of the F-35 has been characterized as lower than a metal golf ball at certain frequencies and angles; in some conditions, the F-35 compares favorably to the F-22 in stealth. Because the ASTOVL/CALF concept appeared to align with the JAST charter, the two programs were eventually merged in 1994 under the JAST name, with the program now serving the USAF, USMC, and USN. [24] Lockheed Martin's prototypes would consist of the X-35A for demonstrating CTOL before converting it to the X-35B for STOVL demonstration and the larger-winged X-35C for CV compatibility demonstration. The F-35B's first hover was on 17 March 2010, followed by its first vertical landing the next day. [257] USAF F-35A in the Block 3i configuration achieved IOC with the USAF on 2 August 2016, and the F-35C in Block 3F with the USN on 28 February 2019. [380] The accident was attributed to a combination of pilot error induced by fatigue, an issue with the design of the oxygen system and the more complex nature of the aircraft as well as a distraction from a malfunctioning head-mounted display and failure of the flight control system to respond to pilot inputs. [374] The next day, most USAF and USN F-35s returned to flight status following the inspection. The antenna is tilted backwards for stealth. [27][28] Til sammenligning lå prisen på hvert F16 kampfly på rundt 120 millioner norske kroner, dog i datidens verdi (ca. "Bubbling and blistering" of the horizontal tails and tail booms were observed once during flutter tests of the F-35B and C in late 2011; according to the program office, the problem has only occurred once despite numerous attempts to replicate it, and an improved spray-on coating has been implemented since as a mitigation measure. Regjeringen foreslo opprinnelig å kjøpe 48 fly, men dette tallet er nå 52 fordi USA ikke kommer til å ha kapasitet til å låne/leie bort treningsfly til Norge. In 2013, Northrop Grumman disclosed its development of a directional infrared countermeasures (DIRCM) suite, named Threat Nullification Defensive Resource (ThNDR). Transformational Capability. [204][205], The F-35 is designed to require less maintenance than earlier stealth aircraft. [12] Additionally, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Turkey, Australia, Norway, Denmark and Canada have agreed to contribute US$4.375 billion towards development costs, with the United Kingdom contributing about 10% of the planned development costs as the sole Tier 1 partner.

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